One positive sign from the economic downturn of the past year is that consumers finally began paying down their credit card debt.
In November, Equifax reported that credit card debt had declined 7.3% from a year ago. The latest Federal Reserve Consumer Credit report reveals that credit card debt fell in November for the 14th consecutive month. Revolving credit, the majority of which is credit card debt, has fallen over $100 billion since October of 2008, from $976.1 billion to $874.0 billion.
A number of factors could be contributing to this trend. Millions of consumers have lost their jobs or experienced a significant decline in their income. But there also seems to be widespread consumer outrage with the changes made by credit card issuers. 2009 was a year full of interest rate increases, credit limit decreases, and tightened credit by issuers. These were strong incentives for cardholders to cut back on their credit card usage and pay down their balance.
"Issuers began making these changes in 2008 and we expect them to continue in 2010. Even though the CARD Act will help stabilize some rate increases, many cardholders are already stuck with very high rates," says Bill Hardekopf, CEO of LowCards.com and author of The Credit Card Guidebook. "The only way to protect yourself against these high rates is to pay off your balance."
Here are some consumer tips to reducing your personal debt in 2010:
1. Accept that paying off debt won't be easy. It took you a while to get into debt, and it will probably take you longer to get out. Do not get discouraged, no matter how much you can pay off or how long it takes.
2. Start with researching how much you really owe. If you only pay the minimum balance, it is easy to focus on that number and lose track of the total balance. Collect each of your bills with outstanding debts including all credit cards, mortgage, student loans, auto loans, personal loans, and bank loans. Create a summary sheet that lists the creditor, monthly payment, balance, interest rate, and credit limit for each. List the status of each account, if any bills are past due, and verify the payment due dates.
3. This debt summary may be overwhelming, so prioritize which bills to pay first. If money is short and you can't pay all of your monthly bills, first pay the bills that are a necessity for health, shelter, basic groceries, and basic transportation. Then pay the secured loans such as your car loan. Payments on unsecured loans, such as most credit cards, should come last in these critical situations.
4. Contact your creditors to negotiate lower rates. The less money you pay in interest, the more money you have to pay off your bills. You may also want to shop around for a mortgage or credit card with a lower rate.
If you are in danger of missing a payment, contact your creditors as soon as you realize you have a problem. They may be able to help you work out a payment plan, lower your rate, or lower your monthly payment. Credit card loan defaults are 10% or more for some issuers.
If the first person you speak with can't help lower your rate or make adjustments to your account, politely ask to speak with a supervisor or someone who can. Persistence may be necessary to find the person who can or will help you. Explain that you are in debt, the steps you are taking to repay it, and what you can pay today. Document all conversations, including whom you spoke with, and the date, time, and the results. If this doesn't work, contact the National Foundation for Credit Counseling to work out a debt management plan.
5. If you have multiple credit cards with outstanding balances, focus on paying off the card with the highest interest rate first. Continue to pay the minimum on your other cards until the card with the highest rate is paid off, then focus your effort on the card next in line. Don't close all cards that you pay off. Keep your oldest cards open and occasionally use them to buy a magazine or a movie ticket--just pay it off each month. This will help improve your credit score.
6. Pay more than your minimum payment. Your minimum payment is usually only 2%-5% of your balance. At this rate, it will take you many years to pay off your debt. Pick your card to pay off and try to double the minimum payment. Soon your credit card bill will include these calculations.
7. Check into transferring your balance to a lower rate card. If your rate is above 15%, it could pay off to transfer the balance for that card to one that offers 0% for 12 months for balance transfers. However, this is not the "no interest for a year" loan it used to be. Issuers have tightened their balance transfer offers and you will have search to find and issuer that offers for 0% for 12 months. Citi Platinum Select currently offers 0% for up to 12 months. Most balance transfer offers have been reduced to six months.
To take full advantage of this 0% interest, pay as much as you can above the monthly minimum. Be aware that credit limits are shrinking and you may receive a smaller credit limit for your balance transfer. Only use this card for the balance transfer, not additional purchases.
Pay attention to the balance transfer fee. At the beginning of 2009, the industry standard for a balance transfer fee was 3%. But some issuers increased that fee during the year. In June, Bank of America increased the balance transfer fee to 4% and Discover now charges 5%.
8. If you have a credit card balance, stop using it for anything other than necessities. Use cash instead. Credit cards are convenient, but if you carry a balance, you are still paying interest for dinners, clothes, entertainment and things that are long gone. If your APR is 15%, ask yourself if the purchase is worth paying an additional 15% in interest per year. If you use cash, you will not only save money on interest, but also reduce the amount you spend. According to a Dun & Bradstreet report, shoppers spend 12% to 18% less when using cash.
9. Pay your bills on time, every time. Late payments can cause declines in your credit score. If you are 30 days late on your credit card payment, you could lose 60 to 110 points, depending on your credit score. The higher your credit score, the more points you will lose.
10. If you are surprised by your current rates, check your credit report. It may contain an error that is creating a lower credit score and higher interest rates for you. If you find an error on your credit report, contact the credit bureau to report it. They must respond to your claim in thirty days or remove the information that is incorrect or can't be verified. You can make your dispute by mail, telephone, or online. If the corrected error results in a higher credit score, contact your creditors to make sure they know about your improved score, and ask for a lower interest rate.
11. The good news. If you build a history of paying your bills on time every time, and start paying down your debt, not only will your debt decrease, but your credit score will increase. As your credit score increases, contact your issuers to ask for lower rates.
In November, Equifax reported that credit card debt had declined 7.3% from a year ago. The latest Federal Reserve Consumer Credit report reveals that credit card debt fell in November for the 14th consecutive month. Revolving credit, the majority of which is credit card debt, has fallen over $100 billion since October of 2008, from $976.1 billion to $874.0 billion.
A number of factors could be contributing to this trend. Millions of consumers have lost their jobs or experienced a significant decline in their income. But there also seems to be widespread consumer outrage with the changes made by credit card issuers. 2009 was a year full of interest rate increases, credit limit decreases, and tightened credit by issuers. These were strong incentives for cardholders to cut back on their credit card usage and pay down their balance.
"Issuers began making these changes in 2008 and we expect them to continue in 2010. Even though the CARD Act will help stabilize some rate increases, many cardholders are already stuck with very high rates," says Bill Hardekopf, CEO of LowCards.com and author of The Credit Card Guidebook. "The only way to protect yourself against these high rates is to pay off your balance."
Here are some consumer tips to reducing your personal debt in 2010:
1. Accept that paying off debt won't be easy. It took you a while to get into debt, and it will probably take you longer to get out. Do not get discouraged, no matter how much you can pay off or how long it takes.
2. Start with researching how much you really owe. If you only pay the minimum balance, it is easy to focus on that number and lose track of the total balance. Collect each of your bills with outstanding debts including all credit cards, mortgage, student loans, auto loans, personal loans, and bank loans. Create a summary sheet that lists the creditor, monthly payment, balance, interest rate, and credit limit for each. List the status of each account, if any bills are past due, and verify the payment due dates.
3. This debt summary may be overwhelming, so prioritize which bills to pay first. If money is short and you can't pay all of your monthly bills, first pay the bills that are a necessity for health, shelter, basic groceries, and basic transportation. Then pay the secured loans such as your car loan. Payments on unsecured loans, such as most credit cards, should come last in these critical situations.
4. Contact your creditors to negotiate lower rates. The less money you pay in interest, the more money you have to pay off your bills. You may also want to shop around for a mortgage or credit card with a lower rate.
If you are in danger of missing a payment, contact your creditors as soon as you realize you have a problem. They may be able to help you work out a payment plan, lower your rate, or lower your monthly payment. Credit card loan defaults are 10% or more for some issuers.
If the first person you speak with can't help lower your rate or make adjustments to your account, politely ask to speak with a supervisor or someone who can. Persistence may be necessary to find the person who can or will help you. Explain that you are in debt, the steps you are taking to repay it, and what you can pay today. Document all conversations, including whom you spoke with, and the date, time, and the results. If this doesn't work, contact the National Foundation for Credit Counseling to work out a debt management plan.
5. If you have multiple credit cards with outstanding balances, focus on paying off the card with the highest interest rate first. Continue to pay the minimum on your other cards until the card with the highest rate is paid off, then focus your effort on the card next in line. Don't close all cards that you pay off. Keep your oldest cards open and occasionally use them to buy a magazine or a movie ticket--just pay it off each month. This will help improve your credit score.
6. Pay more than your minimum payment. Your minimum payment is usually only 2%-5% of your balance. At this rate, it will take you many years to pay off your debt. Pick your card to pay off and try to double the minimum payment. Soon your credit card bill will include these calculations.
7. Check into transferring your balance to a lower rate card. If your rate is above 15%, it could pay off to transfer the balance for that card to one that offers 0% for 12 months for balance transfers. However, this is not the "no interest for a year" loan it used to be. Issuers have tightened their balance transfer offers and you will have search to find and issuer that offers for 0% for 12 months. Citi Platinum Select currently offers 0% for up to 12 months. Most balance transfer offers have been reduced to six months.
To take full advantage of this 0% interest, pay as much as you can above the monthly minimum. Be aware that credit limits are shrinking and you may receive a smaller credit limit for your balance transfer. Only use this card for the balance transfer, not additional purchases.
Pay attention to the balance transfer fee. At the beginning of 2009, the industry standard for a balance transfer fee was 3%. But some issuers increased that fee during the year. In June, Bank of America increased the balance transfer fee to 4% and Discover now charges 5%.
8. If you have a credit card balance, stop using it for anything other than necessities. Use cash instead. Credit cards are convenient, but if you carry a balance, you are still paying interest for dinners, clothes, entertainment and things that are long gone. If your APR is 15%, ask yourself if the purchase is worth paying an additional 15% in interest per year. If you use cash, you will not only save money on interest, but also reduce the amount you spend. According to a Dun & Bradstreet report, shoppers spend 12% to 18% less when using cash.
9. Pay your bills on time, every time. Late payments can cause declines in your credit score. If you are 30 days late on your credit card payment, you could lose 60 to 110 points, depending on your credit score. The higher your credit score, the more points you will lose.
10. If you are surprised by your current rates, check your credit report. It may contain an error that is creating a lower credit score and higher interest rates for you. If you find an error on your credit report, contact the credit bureau to report it. They must respond to your claim in thirty days or remove the information that is incorrect or can't be verified. You can make your dispute by mail, telephone, or online. If the corrected error results in a higher credit score, contact your creditors to make sure they know about your improved score, and ask for a lower interest rate.
11. The good news. If you build a history of paying your bills on time every time, and start paying down your debt, not only will your debt decrease, but your credit score will increase. As your credit score increases, contact your issuers to ask for lower rates.
